NEW WORDS
declaration v. declare
n. document containing an open public announcement 宣言
independence
n. freedom from the control of others 獨立
depend on依賴于 be independent of不依賴于
obtain =achieve=gain
vt. get through effort 獲得
source resource資源
n. place from which sth. comes; place where a river starts （來）源；源頭
personal
a. done in person; belonging to a person 親自的；個人的
investigation make investigation into
n. detailed or careful examination 調查
investigate
vt.
appoint
vt. put (sb.) in a position 任命
appointment
n. 任命 指定（時間或地點）
committee
n. a group of people chosen for special duties 委員會
capitol capital首都
n. （美國）州議會大廈
canoe
n. light boat moved by a paddle 獨木舟
on-the-spot
a. at the place of the action 現場的
humble
a. low in position 地位低下的 謙卑的
origin v. originate引起
n. parentage; birth; beginning 血統；出身；起源
gardener
n. person who works in a garden either for pay or as a hobby 園丁
waiter
n. person who serves food to the tables in a restaurant （男）侍者
nobleman
n. 貴族
dissatisfy
vt. hang over dangerously; utter a threat against 使不滿
threaten
vt. hang over dangerously; utter a threat against 威脅
threat
n.
reject
vt. refuse to take, believe, use of consider 拒絕
rejection
n.
nephew
n. the son of one's brother or sister
error
n. mistake; sth. done wrongly
false
a. not true or correct
judgment
n. opinion 判斷， 看法
hesitate adj. hesitant遲疑的
vi. feel doubtful; be undecided 猶豫，遲疑不決
hesitation
n.
prefer
vt. like better; choose (one thing) rather than (another) 更喜歡；寧愿
preference
n.
latter the former … the later …
a. nearer to the end 后面的；后半的
n. the second of two persons or things just spoken of 后者
conflict
n. be opposed; clash 沖突
n. disagreement; clash; fight
unquestioning
a. given or done without question or doubt
agreement
n. having the same opinion(s); thinking in the same way 同意；一致的
criticism v. criticize
n. unfavourable remarks of judgments 批評
critic
n. person who makes judgments about the good and bad qualities of sth.; person who points out mistakes 評論家；批評者
criticize
vt.
philosophy philosopher哲學家
n. 哲學
resent
vt. feel angry or bitter at 對...忿恨;對...不滿
action
n. the process of doing things; sth. done 行動過程；行動
custom
n. 習慣,風俗
perpetual
a. never-ending; going on for a long time or without stopping 永恒的;連續不斷的
constitution
n. 憲法;章程
living
a. alive now 活(著)的
remark
vt. say; comment 說;評論說
n. 話語;評論
evil
n. sth. bad; sin 邪惡,罪惡
a. very bad 邪惡的,壞的
idealism
n. 理想主義;唯心主義
arch(a)eology
n. study of ancient things, esp. remains of prehistoric times 考古學
rotation
n. 輪作;旋轉
rotate
v.
conservation
n. protecting from loss of from being used up 保護;保存
conserve
vt.
superior 沒有比較級和最高級 be superior to sb.
a. good or better in quality or value 較好的;優的
superiority
n.
existence
n. the state of existing 存在
influence
vt. have an effect on 影響
architecture
n. art and science of building 建筑術;建筑學
constantly
ad. continuously; frequently 不斷地;經常地
constant
a.
perform
vt. do, carry out 做,履行
talent talent for
n. special natural ability 才能,天資
central
a. chief; main; most important 主要的
tireless
a. never or rarely getting tired
writer
n. a person who writes esp. as a way of earning money 作家
publish
vt. have (a book, etc.) printed and put on sale 出版
volume
n. book, esp. one of a set of books 卷;冊
thrill
vi. have a very exciting feeling 非常激動
self-evident
a. clear without proof 不言而喻的
create
vt. make (sth. that has not been made before) 創造
creation
n.
anniversary
n. the yearly return of a special date 周年紀念日
countryman
n. a person from one's own country 周胞
legacy
n. sth. that one person leaves to another when he dies 遺產
owe owe sth. to sb.
vt. 欠(債等);應把...歸功于
debt
n. something owed to someone else 債(務)
educate educator教育者
vt. train; teach how to read, write, think, etc.
PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
go out of one's way (to do sth.)
take particular trouble; make a special effort 特地 盡力的
leave...to
leave sb. in charge of 交托,委托
act on
act according to 按照...行事
leave behind
abandon; fall to take or bring 丟棄;留下,忘帶
in existence
existing 存在
above all
most important of all 首先,尤其是
PROPER NAMES
Bruce Bilven
布魯斯.布利文
Thomas Jefferson
托馬斯.杰斐遜
George Washington
喬治.華盛頓
Abraham Lincoln
亞伯拉罕.林肯
the Declaration of Independence
《獨立宣言》
the James River
詹姆斯河
Lafayette
拉斐特
France
法國
Heaven
上帝；天堂
Philadelphia
費城（美國港市）
